<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0303</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2009-10-27</periodOfReport>

    <notSubjectToSection16>0</notSubjectToSection16>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0000101063</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>CHIQUITA BRANDS INTERNATIONAL INC</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>cqb</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001303885</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>Viviani Tanios</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>250 EAST FIFTH STREET</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2></rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>CINCINNATI</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>OH</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>45202</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>1</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>0</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
            <officerTitle>Pres Global Innovation &amp; CMO</officerTitle>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <nonDerivativeTable>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
                <footnoteId id="F1"/>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2009-10-27</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>F</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>1155</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>14.75</value>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>95708</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
                <footnoteId id="F2"/>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2009-10-27</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>S</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>323</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>14.4253</value>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>95385</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
        <nonDerivativeHolding>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>22619</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>I</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
                <natureOfOwnership>
                    <value>by Spouse</value>
                </natureOfOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeHolding>
    </nonDerivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">Table I, Item l.  Shares withheld, based on the fair market value of the Common Stock on October 27, 2009, to pay required withholding taxes upon the vesting of 3,230 shares covered by a Restricted Stock Award granted October 27, 2005 under the Company's Stock and Incentive Plan. The full award was previously reported.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">Table I, Item l.  Shares sold pursuant to a previously adopted and disclosed Rule 10b5-1 trading plan in an amount (10%) corresponding to estimated taxes due in excess of amounts withheld upon the vesting of the October 27, 2005 award referenced above.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>James E. Thompson as Attorney-In-Fact for Tanios Viviani</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2009-10-28</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
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X0303
4
2009-10-27
0
0000101063
CHIQUITA BRANDS INTERNATIONAL INC
cqb
0001303885
Viviani Tanios
250 EAST FIFTH STREET
CINCINNATI
OH
45202
0
1
0
0
Pres Global Innovation & CMO
Common Stock
2009-10-27
4
F
0
1155
14.75
D
95708
D
Common Stock
2009-10-27
4
S
0
323
14.4253
D
95385
D
Common Stock
22619
I
by Spouse
Table I, Item l.  Shares withheld, based on the fair market value of the Common Stock on October 27, 2009, to pay required withholding taxes upon the vesting of 3,230 shares covered by a Restricted Stock Award granted October 27, 2005 under the Company's Stock and Incentive Plan. The full award was previously reported.
Table I, Item l.  Shares sold pursuant to a previously adopted and disclosed Rule 10b5-1 trading plan in an amount (10%) corresponding to estimated taxes due in excess of amounts withheld upon the vesting of the October 27, 2005 award referenced above.
James E. Thompson as Attorney-In-Fact for Tanios Viviani
2009-10-28